The clamping mechanism of the injection molding machine is a key component of the injection molding machine, its main role is to close the mold during the injection process, to ensure that the mold closure of the tightness and stability, to prevent the plastic melt under the action of the injection pressure to prop open the mold, to ensure that the quality of injection molded products and dimensional accuracy.
Main types:
1. Hydraulic clamping mechanism: through the hydraulic cylinder generated by the hydraulic pressure to achieve the mold opening and closing and locking, clamping force and easy to adjust to adapt to different molds and process requirements, but the hydraulic system is complex, high cost, there is a risk of leakage of hydraulic oil, commonly used in large-scale injection molding machines or high clamping force requirements of the process.
2. Mechanical clamping mechanism: The common elbow rod mechanical clamping mechanism uses the elbow rod linkage principle, the hydraulic cylinder linear motion into the mold opening and closing action, and through the elbow rod's self-locking characteristics, of the mold. Its structure is simple and compact, with high reliability, fast clamping speed, and low energy consumption, but the clamping force adjustment range is narrow, the elbow rod joints are easy to wear, commonly used in small and medium-sized injection molding machines.
3. All-electric clamping mechanism: adopts motor-driven ball screw and other transmission devices to control the opening and closing of the mold and locking, with high precision, good repeatability, energy saving and environmental protection, etc., and can accurately control the mold position and clamping force, used in the injection molding field which requires high precision of the products, but the cost is high, and the requirements for the motor and transmission system are high.
Basic components
1. Template: including fixed template, moving template, and tail plate. The fixed template is installed on the frame to fix the fixed mold; the moving template is connected with the moving mold and moves back and forth under the drive of the clamping mechanism to realize the opening and closing of the mold; the tail plate is installed with driving parts and transmission elements and is connected with the fixed template through the tie rod to support and fix it.
2. Tie rod: connects the fixed template and tail plate, guides and supports the movement of the moving template, ensures the precision and stability of mold clamping, bears the clamping force and mold opening force, and is usually made of high-strength alloy steel.
3. Driving parts: The driving parts are the power source, such as a hydraulic clamping mechanism in the hydraulic cylinder, an all-electric clamping mechanism in the motor, to promote the moving template to achieve the open and close the mold action.
4. Transmission components: transfer the power of driving components to the moving template and realize the amplification or conversion of force, such as the elbow rod mechanical clamping mechanism in the curved elbow linkage.
5. Mold clamping components: used for mold closure of the moving template and fixed template, reliable locking, preventing the mold from opening under injection pressure, common clamping nuts, clamping bolts, wedges, and so on.
