Brake pads are the key components of the automobile braking system, and their performance is directly related to driving safety, which largely depends on the material. With the development of the automobile industry, the brake pad material is becoming more and more diversified, and the following categories are common:
Semi-metallic brake pads
Material Composition: Containing 30%-50% of ferrous metals, such as steel fiber, reduced iron powder, etc., with non-metallic materials, metal to provide strength and thermal conductivity, non-metallic auxiliary friction adjustment performance.
Performance characteristics: good heat resistance, can withstand high speed, heavy load generated by the high temperature, fast heat dissipation, stable braking performance. However, the brake noise is big and the corners are easy to be brittle, which affects the service life.
Application Scenario: Widely used in the disc brake system of cars and heavy-duty vehicles, suitable for daily driving and commercial vehicles with high braking performance requirements.
NAO (Non-Asbestos - Non-Steel Fiber Type) Friction Material Brake Pads
Material Composition: Asbestos and steel fiber free, modern disc brake pads contain a small amount of steel fiber to enhance the strength, mainly inorganic fibers, mixed with organic fibers such as glass fibers, aramid fibers and other organic fibers, as well as rubber, resin and other components.
Performance characteristics: smooth braking, good abrasion resistance, low noise, low wear on the brake disc. However, poor heat resistance, easy to heat attenuation at high temperatures, braking performance decline.
Application Scenario: Applicable to a wide range of vehicles, especially favored by car owners who focus on driving comfort and brake disc life.
Powder metallurgy friction material brake pads
Material composition: iron and copper-based powder materials mixed, pressed and sintered at high temperature, containing a variety of metal powders and non-metallic additives.
Performance characteristics: extremely high wear resistance, excellent thermal stability at high temperatures, can maintain braking performance under extreme working conditions. However, it is expensive, with high braking noise and serious abrasion to the brake disk.
Application Scenario: Mainly used in the field of extremely high requirements for braking performance, such as racing cars, airplanes, heavy-duty vehicles and heavy construction machinery.
Carbon fiber friction material brake pads
Material composition: carbon fiber as the main reinforcing material, add graphite, carbon compounds, etc., the organic binder needs to be carbonized.
Performance characteristics: high power absorption per unit area, light weight, can reduce the weight of the car, improve maneuverability, high temperature performance is excellent, not easy to heat recession. However, due to the complexity of the production process, the cost is high and the price is expensive.
Application Scenario: Used in areas that require high performance and are not cost-sensitive, such as aerospace and some overseas high-grade sports cars and racing cars.
Ceramic-based brake pads
Material composition: ceramic fiber as the reinforcing phase, containing a small amount of metal, such as copper, as well as mineral fibers, aramid fibers, organic resins and fillers.
Performance characteristics: stable braking performance, high hardness, wear-resistant, low noise, less dust, good mechanical strength, low thermal degradation, high-temperature braking performance recovery. But the cost is high and expensive.
Application Scenario: Commonly used in high-performance vehicles and the pursuit of high-quality, quiet driving experience of high-end cars.
Organic brake pads
Material composition: composed of organic fiber, filler and binder.
Performance characteristics: low noise, low wear on brake discs, low price. However, the coefficient of friction is low, and the organic material is easy to become soft and degraded under high temperature, so it is not suitable for long time or high intensity braking.
Application Scenario: Commonly used in vehicles with low braking performance requirements and low traveling speed, such as some urban commuter cars.
Metal Brake Pads
Material composition: mainly made of iron, steel and other metals, part of the addition of non-ferrous metals, inorganic and organic fibers to optimize performance.
Performance characteristics: wear and heat dissipation performance is good, high speed and long time braking performance is stable. However, the braking noise is large, and the wear on the brake disk is serious.
Application Scenario: Suitable for vehicles with high speed or long time braking, such as long-distance trucks and racing cars.
Composite Brake Pad
Material composition: a mixture of materials, combining the advantages of different materials, the composition varies according to the design and manufacturers, may contain a variety of fibers, metal powder, resin, etc..
Performance characteristics: balanced performance, taking into account braking performance, noise control, wear resistance and cost. However, the composition is complex and the production process requires high, moderate cost.
Application Scenario: Commonly used in medium and high-end vehicles to meet consumer demand for comprehensive performance.
